Infinitive, Gerund & Participle English Grammar Study Material

2018-09-01

Infinitive, Gerund & Participle English Grammar Study Material

Infinitive :

Infinitives are non-finite verbs. Infinitive is formed by adding to with a verb that acts as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb in a sentence.

When a verb is in its infinitive state, it has no subject or object. It is used to define the action of the verb without tying it to a specific person. It is a verb acting without a subject. The infinitive is the verb in its purest form. An infinitive should be treated as a single word with a single meaning.

List of Infinitive Verbs

Infinitives in Regular Verbs

e.g.

To answer	To arrive	To ask	To dry
To carry	To clean	To close	To enjoy

Gerund:

Gerunds are present participles that are used as nouns and end with an -ing. Gerunds can function as the subject of a verb, the object of a verb, a predicate nominative or complement, or the object of a preposition.

The -ing form is a general term for words called either ‘gerund’ or ‘present participle’ in traditional approaches to grammar.

List of Gerunds

e.g.

answering	Arriving	asking	reading
carrying	Cleaning	closing	enjoying
finishing	disscussing	helping	consulting

Participle :

Participles can be either active (e.g. breaking) or passive (e.g. broken). Participles are also often associated with certain verbal aspects or tenses. The two types of participle in English are traditionally called the present participle (formssuch writing, singing and raising) and the past participle (forms such as written, sung and raised).

Participles have various uses in a sentence. One use of a participle is simply as an adjective:

A broken A fallen tree. An interesting book.

Infinitive, Gerund & Participle English Grammar Study Material