Important Events Of July – 16

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Aruna Asaf Ali Birth Day

Birth:

  • She was born on July 16, 1909 in Kalka at Punjab.

Honours:

  • She was an Indian independence activist.
  • She is widely remembered for hoisting the Indian National Congress flag at the Gowalia Tank maidan in Bombay during the Quit India Movement 1942.
  • After Independence, she remained active in politics becoming Delhi’s first mayor in 1958.
  • In the 1960’s she successfully started a media publishing house.
  • She received India’s highest civilian award, the Bharat Ratna, posthumously in 1997.
  • Aruna was dubbed the Heroine of the 1942 movement for her bravery in the face of danger and was called Grand Old Lady of the Independence movement in her later years.

Awards:

  • Aruna Asaf Ali was awarded International Lenin Peace Prize for the year 1964
  • The Jawaharlal Nehru Award for International Understanding in 1991.
  • Padma Vibhushan Award – 1992
  • Bharat Ratna – 1997
  • In 1998 a stamp commemorating her was issued. Aruna Asaf Ali marg in New Delhi was named in her honour.
  • All India Minorities Front distributes the Dr Aruna Asaf Ali Sadbhawana Award annually.

Death:

  • She died on March 10, 1966.

Frits Zernike Birth Day

Birth:

  • He was born on July 16, 1888 in Amsterdam at Netherlands.
By Nobel foundation [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

Honours:

  • He was a Dutch physicist and winner of the Nobel Prize for physics in 1953 for his invention of the phase-contrast microscope.
  • In 1912, he was awarded a prize for his work on opalescence in gases.
  • It was at a Physical and Medical Congress in Wageningen in 1933, that Zernike first described his phase contrast technique in microscopy.
  • He extended his method to test the figure of concave mirrors. His discovery lay at the base of the first phase contrast microscope, built during World War II

Awards:

  • In 1946, Zernike became member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
  • In 1953, Zernike won the Nobel Prize for Physics for his invention of the phase-contrast microscope.
  • In 1954, Zernike became an Honorary Member of The Optical Society (OSA).Zernike was elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Society.
  • The university complex to the north of the city of Groningen is named after him (Zernike park) as is the crater Zernike on the Moon.
  • Zernike great-nephew Gerardus T Hooft won the Nobel Prize in physics in 1999.
  • The Oz Enterprise  a Linux distribution was named after Leonard Salomon Ornstein and Frederik Zernike.

Death:

  • He died on March 10, 1966.

Events

  • 1661 – The first banknotes in Europe are issued by the Swedish bank Stockholms Banco.
  • 1969 – Apollo program: Apollo 11, the first mission to land astronauts on the Moon, is launched from the Kennedy Space Center at Cape Kennedy, Florida.
  • 1994 – The “Shumakker-Levy 9” volleyball collided with Jupiter.
  • 2004 – 94 children died in a fire in  Kumbakonam School at Tamilnadu.

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