Birth Anniversary of Dmitri Mendeleev

2018-02-08

Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev was born on 8 February 1834.
He was a Russian chemist and inventor.
He was the main creator of the periodic table of elements. Many of the predictions made in his periodic table (such as the properties of elements undiscovered at the time) were later proved correct by experiments.
Chemical element 101 was named Mendelevium.

Life

Mendeleev was born in the village of Verkhnie Aremzyani, near Tobolsk in Siberia, to Ivan Pavlovich Mendeleev (1783—1847) and Maria Dmitrievna Mendeleeva (née Kornilieva) (1793—1850).
He worked as a school principal and a teacher of fine arts, politics and philosophy at the Tambov and Saratov gymnasiums.
n 1849, the now poor Mendeleev family went to Saint Petersburg, where he entered the Main Pedagogical Institutein 1850.
After attending the gymnasium of his native place, he went to study natural science at St. Petersburg, where he graduated in chemistry in 1856, subsequently becoming privatdozent.

Fields

Mendeleev periodic table

In 1869, just five years after John Newlands put forward his law of octaves, a Russian chemist called Dmitri Mendeleev published a periodic table.
Mendeleev also arranged the elements known at the time in order of relative atomic mass, but he did some other things that made his table much more successful.

law of Mendeleev periodic table

The law that the properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers.Also called Mendeleev’s law. (originally) the statement that the chemical and physical properties of the elements recur periodically when the elements are arranged in the order of their atomic weights.

Mendeleev’s predicted elements

Dmitri Mendeleev published the first periodic table of the chemical elements in 1869 based on properties that appeared with some regularity as he laid out the elements from lightest to heaviest. When Mendeleev proposed his periodic table, he noted gaps in the table and predicted that as-then-unknown elements existed with properties appropriate to fill those gaps.

Mendeleev predictions include:

Dmitri Mendeleev – Pages

Other achievements

In another department of physical chemistry, he investigated the expansion of liquids with heat, and devised a formula similar to Gay-Lussac’s law of the uniformity of the expansion of gases, while in 1861 he anticipated Thomas Andrews’ conception of the critical temperature of gases by defining the absolute boiling-point of a substance as the temperature at which cohesion and heat of vaporization become equal to zero and the liquid changes to vapor, irrespective of the pressure and volume.
He invented pyrocollodion, a kind of smokeless powder based on nitrocellulose.

Death