Pandyas of Madurai History Study Material
The Pandyas of Madurai (AD 590-1323)
The Pandyas were one of the most ancient dynasties to rule South India and are mentioned in Kautilya’s Arrhashastra and Megasthenes Indica. The Sangam age started from a Pandya king and as per Sangam literature there were at least 20 kings in this dynasty. The most prominent among these was, Nedunzalian, who made Madurai his capital. Other figures who find some mention in history are King Bhootapandya and his queen Kopendu. King Ugraperavaluta and poet Rudrasharman. The early Pandya rulers made a significant contribution to Tamil literature. After the Sangam Age, this dynasty lost its significance for more than a century, only to rise again at the end of die sixth century. Their first significant ruler was Kundungan (AD 590-620) who defeated the Kalabras and brought the Pandyas back to the path of glory. The significant later Pandya kings were Varaguna I (AD 765-815); Srimara Sri-vallabha (AD 815-862); Varaguna Varmann (AD 862-880); Prantaka Veeranarayanan (AD 880-900).
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Rajasimha Maravarma (AD 900 -920); Maravarma Sundra Pandya (AD 1226-1238); Jatavarma Sundra Pandya (1251 to 1268 AD) and Kulashekhra (AD 1281-1311). The last known Pandya king, parakramadeva, was defected by Usaf Khan (a Victory of muhammad-bin-Tughlaq) whwn the Tughlaq Dynasty was in the process of extending their kingdom upto kanyakumari.
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