ICAR AIEEA UG, PG Syllabus 2022 PDF Download: The National Testing Agency (NTA) is to conduct the ICAR UG PG Entrance Exam 2022 in the Month of September 2022. The Exam Date is already declared by the Board. The Candidates can Check UG & PG Exam Pattern and Subject Topics here.
NTA ICAR AIEEA 2022 Syllabus PDF
| Board Name | National Testing Agency (NTA) |
| Exam Name | ICAR UG PG Entrance Exam 2022 |
| Exam Date | 13,14, 15 & 20 September 2022 |
| Syllabus | Available Now |
| Status | Syllabus Available |
ICAR AIEEA Exam Process:
The ICAR AIEEA Exam is an All India Entrance Examination Conducted by the NTA Board to provide admission for Candidates in UG PG Degree Programme in accredited Agricultural Universities.
ICAR AIEEA UG Exam Pattern:
- The Exam is Conducted in CBT Mode for the Duration of 02:30 hours
- The Exam Consists of 150 Questions (50 in each subject)
- The Exam has Negative Marking – 1 mark for Each Incorrect Response.
- Medium of Paper is English and Hindi
AIEEA (PG)-2022
| No. of Questions | Marks | Duration |
| 150 (50 in each subject) | 4 marks for each correct response | 02:30 hours |
ICAR AIEEA PG Exam Pattern:
- The Exam is Conducted in CBT Mode for the Duration of 02 hours
- The Exam Consists of 120 Questions
- The Exam has Negative Marking – 1 mark for Each Incorrect Response.
- Medium of Paper is English only
AIEEA (PG)-2022
| No. of Questions | Marks | Duration |
| 120 | 4 marks for each correct response | 120 minutes (2 hours) |
ICAR Exam Syllabus 2022:
GENETICS & PLANT BREEDING
- General Genetics and Plant Breeding
- Economics Botany and Plant Breeding Methods
- Genome Organization and Cytogenetics of Crop Plants
- Quantitative and Biometrical Genetics
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnological Tools in Plant Breeding
- Plant Breeding for Stress Resistance and Nutritional Quality
- Plant Genetic Resources and their Regulatory System; Varietal Release and Seed Production
- Statistical Methods and Field Plot Techniques
SEED SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY:
- Seed Biology
- Seed Production
- Seed Processing
- Seed Quality Control
- Seed Storage
- Seed Health
- Seed Industry Development and Marketing
- Protection of Plant Varieties
ECONOMIC BOTANY & PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES
- Biodiversity and Plant Genetic Resources
- Exploration and Germplasm Collecting
- Germplasm Exchange and Plant Quarantine
- Principles and Methods of Germplasm Conservation
- Principles and Practices of Germplasm Regeneration and Evaluation
- Biotechnology in Plant Genetic Resource Management
- Economic Botany
- Information Management in Plant Genetic Resources
- Plant Taxonomy
- Plant Biosecurity
- Fundamentals of Molecular Biology for PGR Management
PLANT PATHOLOGY
- History and Principles of Plant Pathology
- Laboratory and Analytical Techniques
- Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology
- Mycology
- Plant Bacteriology
- Plant Virology
- Plant Disease Epidemiology
- Phanerogamic Parasites and Non-parasitic Diseases
- Fungal Diseases of Crop Plants
- Bacterial and Viral Diseases of Crop Plant
- Management of Plant diseases
NEMATOLOGY
- History and Economic Importance
- Nematological Techniques
- Nematode Ecology
- Plant Nematode Relationships
- Nematode Physiology and Cytology
- Nematode pests of crops
- Nematode Management
- Interactions of Nematodes with Soil Organisms
- Statistics
AGRICULTURAL ENTOMOLOGY/ENTOMOLOGY
- Systematics
- Morphology
- Embryology, Internal Anatomy and Physiology
- Ecology
- Biological Control
- Chemical Control and Toxicology
- Host Plant Resistance
- Novel Approaches in Pest Control
- Integrated Pest Management
- Pesticide Application Equipment
- Pests of Field Crops and their Management
- Pests of Horticultural Crops and their Management
- Pests of Stored Products and their Management
- Insect and mite vectors of Plant Diseases
- Honey Bees and Bee-keeping
- Silkworms and Sericulture
- Lac Insect
- Helpful and Useful Insects
- Statistics and Computer Application
SERICULTURE
- Mulberry Crop Production
- Mulberry and Silkworm Breeding
- Silkworm Biology
- Silkworm Protection
- Silkworm Nutrition
- Non-Mulberry Sericulture
- Silk Reeling Technology
- Silkworm Seed Cocoon and Egg Production
PLANT BIOCHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY
- Basic Biochemistry and Biomolecules
- Intermediary Metabolism
- Enzymes, Vitamins and Hormones
- Molecular Biology
- Techniques in Biochemistry
- Biochemistry of Food-grains, Fruits and Vegetables
- Photosynthesis
- Plant Metabolic Processes
- Plant Molecular Biology
- Plant Biotechnology/Genetic Engineering
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY/CROP PHYSIOLOGY
- Cell Organelles and Water Relations
- Metabolic Processes and Growth Regulation
- Crop Productivity and Modelling
- Abiotic Stress Responses in Plants
- Plant Growth Regulators and Plant Development
- Mineral Nutrition
- Climate and Climate Change
- Seed Physiology
- Physiology of Flowering and Reproduction
- Physiology of Horticultural and Plantation Crop Species
- Post-Harvest Physiology
- Morphogenesis, Tissue Culture and Plant Transformation
- Phenomics
AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY /BIOTECHNOLOGY /MOLECULAR BIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY
- Cell Structure and Function
- Biomolecules and Metabolism
- Enzymology
- Molecular Genetics
- Gene Expression
- Molecular Biology Techniques
- Gene Cloning
- Molecular Biology
- Plant Molecular Biology
- Tissue Culture
- Plant Genetic Engineering
- Molecular Markers and Genomics
AGRICULTURAL MICROBIOLOGY/MICROBIOLOGY
- History of Microbial World
- Basic Microbiological Techniques
- Microbial Physiology
- Microbial Genetics
- Soil Microbiology
- Microbial diversity and Ecology
- Microbiology of food and water
- Industrial Microbiology
- Applications of microorganisms in agriculture
- Microbial omics
- Data Analysis
VEGETABLE SCIENCE / OLERICULTURE
- Production Technology of Cool Season Vegetable Crop
- Production Technology of Warm Season Vegetable Crops
- Breeding of Vegetable Crop
- Growth and Development
- Seed Production
- Systematics of Vegetable Crops
- Production Technology of Underexploited Vegetable Crops
- Post-Harvest Technology of Vegetable Crops
- Organic Vegetable Production Technology
- Hi-tech Production Technology of Vegetable Crops
FRUIT SCIENCE/POMOLOGY
- Tropical and Dry Land Fruit Production
- Subtropical and Temperate Fruit Production
- Biodiversity and Conservation
- Canopy Management in Fruit Crops
- Breeding of Fruit Crops
- Post-Harvest Technology
- Growth and Development
- Biotechnology of Fruit Crops
- Protected Fruit Culture
- Principles and Practices of Plant Propagation
FLORICULTURE & LANDSCAPING / FLORICULTURE & LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE
- Breeding
- Production Technology of Cut Flowers
- Production Technology for Loose Flowers
- Landscaping
- Protected Floriculture
- Value Addition
- Turfing and Turf Management
- Computer Aided Designing (CAD) for Outdoor and Indoorscaping
SPICES, PLANTATION, MEDICINAL & AROMATIC PLANTS
- Production technology of Plantation Crops
- Production Technology of Spice Crops
- Production Technology of Medicinal and Aromatic Crops
- Breeding of Plantation, Spice, Medicinal and Aromatic Crops
- Processing of Plantation Crops, Spices, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
- Organic Spice and Plantation Crop Production Technology
POST HARVEST TECHNOLOGY
- Post-Harvest Technology of Vegetable Crops
- Post-Harvest Technology of Fruit Crops
- Value Addition of flowers
- Processing of Plantation Crops, Spices, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
ANIMAL GENETICS & BREEDING
- Overview of Genetics
- Advanced Genetics
- Overview of Breeding
- Genetic Properties of Population
- Population Genetics
- Genetic Strategies
- Selection & Selection Experiments
- Genetic Laboratory Techniques
- Research Techniques for Quantitative Animal Genetics
- Laboratory Animal Breeding
ANIMAL NUTRITION
- Energy and Proteins
- Minerals, Vitamins and Feed Additives
- Rumen Eco-system and Functions
- Non-ruminant Nutrition
- Nutrient Requirements
- Forage Conservation and Evaluation
- Global feed industry and production scenario
- Anti-metabolites and Toxic Principles
- Elements of Research Methodology
- Clinical Nutrition
LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT
- General
- Breeding Management
- Feeding Management
- Reproduction Management
- Health Management
- Production and Management of Cattle and Buffalo
- Production and Management of Other Animals
- Wildlife Management
- Forage Production and Conservation
- Economics and Marketing of Livestock and Poultry and their Products
LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS TECHNOLOGY
- Basic and General Aspects of Livestock Products
- Abattoir and Poultry Processing Plants
- PFA and FSSAI standards of different dairy products
- Wool, Mohair and Fur
- Packaging
- Quality Control
- Marketing
POULTRY SCIENCE
- Poultry Genetics and Breeding
- Poultry Nutrition
- Avian Physiology
- Poultry Products Technology
- Poultry Management
- Economics and Marketing
- Poultry Health Management
VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY
- Veterinary Helminthology
- Veterinary Entomology
- Veterinary Protozoology
- Clinical Parasitology
- Parasitic Zoonoses
- Management of Livestock Parasitism
- Immunoparasitology
- Diagnostic Parasitology
VETERINARY PUBLIC HEALTH/VETERINARY PUBLIC HEALTH & EPIDEMIOLOGY
- Veterinary Public Health
- Milk Hygiene
- Meat Hygiene
- Food-borne Infections and Intoxications
- Zoonoses
- Environmental Hygiene
- Epidemiology
- Experimental Animal Medicine
- Health Education
- Standard Guidelines and Legislation
- Microbiology in Public Health
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
- General Bacteriology
- Systematic Bacteriology
- General Virology
- Systematic Virology
- Mycology
- Immunology
- Molecular Cell Biology (Vaccine & Diagnostic Technology)
VETERINARY PATHOLOGY
- Introduction, History and Etiology
- Haemodynamics Derangements, Degeneration and Necrosis
- Inflammation and Healing
- Immunopathology
- Genetically Determined Diseases
- Disturbances in Cell Growth and Oncology
- Post-mortem Diagnosis and Histopathological Techniques
- Clinical Pathology
- Systemic Pathology
- Pathology of Infectious Diseases
- Avian Pathology
- Nutritional and Production Pathology
- Pathology of Toxicosis
- Pathology of Diseases of Laboratory and Wild Animals
VETERINARY MEDICINE
- General Medicine
- Diagnosis of Animal Diseases
- Gastroenterology
- Diseases of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary System
- Diseases of Urinary, Nervous, Musculoskeletal and Integumentary Systems
- Common toxicities
- Infectious Diseases (Bacterial and Mycoplasmal)
- Infectious Diseases (Viral, Chlamydial, Rickettsial and Fungal)
- Parasitic Diseases
- Poultry Disease
- Veterinary Jurisprudence and Ethics
- Special Therapeutic Approaches
- Prevention and Control of Diseases
- Common Diseases of Zoo, Laboratory Animals and Wildlife
VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY& TOXICOLOGY
- General Pharmacology
- Drugs Acting on Central Nervous System
- Drugs Acting on Humoral and Autonomic Nervous Systems
- Drugs Acting on Cardio-vascular and Respiratory Systems
- Drugs Acting on Digestive System
- Drug acting on Urogenital System
- Endocrine Pharmacolog
- Autacoids
- Chemotherapy
- Toxicology
- Ecotoxicology
- Miscellaneous Topics
VETY. GYNAECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS/ANIMAL REPRODUCTION, GYNAECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS
- Veterinary Gynaecology
- Reproductive Endocrinology
- Accidents during Gestation
- Veterinary Obstetrics
- Andrology
- Male Infertility
- Frozen Semen Technology and Artificial Insemination
- Reproductive Technology
- Infertility in Cows and Buffaloes
- Reproduction and Infertility in Ovine/Caprine
- Reproduction and Infertility in Swine
- Equine Reproduction
- Canine and Feline Reproduction
VETERINARY SURGERY & RADIOLOGY/VETERINARY SURGERY
- General Surgery
- Anaesthesia
- Radiology
- Orthopaedics and Lameness
- Surgery of Head and Neck Region
- Thoracic Surgery
- Abdominal and Pelvic Surgery
VETERINARY ANATOMY/VETERINARY ANATOMY & HISTOLOGY
- Comparative Osteology and Arthrology
- Comparative Splanchnology
- Myology, Angiology, Neurology and Aesthesiology of Ox
- Histological and Histochemical Techniques
- General and Systemic Histology and Ultrastructure
- Developmental Anatomy
- Principles and Applications of Biomechanics
- Avian Anatomy
- Neuroanatomy
- Endocrine Anatomy
- Theory and Applications of Electron Microscope
- Histoenzymology and Immunocytochemistry
- Applied Embryology and Teratology
- Functional Veterinary Anatomy
- Gross Anatomy of Laboratory Animals
VETERINARY PHYSIOLOGY/ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY
- Cellular Basis of Animal Physiology
- Blood and Circulation
- Respiration
- Excretion
- Digestion
- Muscle Physiology
- Nervous System
- Endocrinology
- Reproduction and lactation
- Physiology of Growth
- Climate Physiology
VETERINARY BIOCHEMISTRY/ANIMAL BIOCHEMISTRY
Unit 1
Scope of Biochemistry and molecular biology in animal sciences. Structural and functional organization of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, viruses and bacteriophages. Compartmentalization of metabolic processes within the cell and fractionation of subcellular components. Structure and functions of biomembranes with special reference to active transport of ions and metabolites. Chromatin structure. Molecular aspects of cell division and cell cycle. Cellular regulation, development and differentiation. pH, water, Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, buffers, Extra and intracellular communication.
Unit 2
Structure and properties of biologically important carbohydrates including storage and structural polysaccharides, mucopolysaccharides, blood group substances, peptidoglycans and bacterial polysaccharides. Structure and properties of fatty acids, acyl glycerol, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, glycolipids, sulfolipids, aminolipids, sterols, bile acids and prostaglandins. Basic principles of isolation, estimation and analysis of carbohydrates and lipids.
Unit 3
Aminoacids, structure and properties. Primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure of proteins. Glycoproteins, lipoproteins, nucleoproteins, fibrous and globular proteins. Structure and functions of immunoglobulins, myoglobin and hemoglobin. Physical and chemical properties of proteins. Structure of different types of nucleic acids. Acid base properties, sedimentation behaviour, hyperchromic effect, base sequencing and restriction analysis of DNA. General description of cell culture, hybridoma and animal cloning techniques. Computer applications in molecular biology, primer designing, sequence analysis and phylogenetic analysis.
Unit 4
Major classes of enzymes, general properties, kinetics and mechanism of their action. Activation energy and transition state. Coenzymes and cofactors. Regulation of enzyme activity and enzyme inhibition. Isoenzymes and enzymes of clinical significance. Applications and scope of enzymes in bioprocess technology and genetic engineering.
Unit 5
Bioenergetics, biological oxidation, respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation. Citric acid cycle and ATP generation. Glycolysis, Kreb’s cycle,pentose phosphate pathway and gluconeogenesis, cori cycle, glycogenolysis and glycogenesis. Biosynthesis and oxidation of fatty acids. Volatile fatty acids as source of energy in ruminants. Ketogenesis and cause of ketosis in ruminants. Biosynthesis of sterols and phospholipids. Catabolism of amino acids, transamination and determination, urea cycle. Integration of carbohydrate, lipid and amino acid metabolism. Conversion of amino acids into other bioactive compounds. Biosynthesis ofnutritionally non-essential amino acids. Metabolism of purines and pyrimidines. Disorders of lipid, carbohydrate, nucleic acid and amino acid metabolism. Inborn errors of metabolism and scope of gene therapy in combating genetic disorders.
Unit 6
Mechanism of storage, transmissions and expression of genetic information. DNA replication and control of gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. RNA synthesis and factors regulating transcription. Biosynthesis of proteins. Features of genetic code in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Wobble hypothesis, post-translational modification, degeneracy and regulation of translation. Basic principles of recombinant DNA technology and its scope in animal health and production. Recombinant proteins and vaccines, safety, ethical issues and IPRs in molecular biology.
Unit 7
Fundamental principles of nutrition, nutritional requirements, balanced diet, nutritive value of foods, importance of dietary fiber, assessment of protein quality, deficiency diseases and metabolic disorders; diabetes, food toxins; Structure and metabolic functions of water soluble and lipid soluble vitamins. Trace elements and their role in biological processes. Deficiencies and nutritional significance of vitamins and trace elements in domestic animals and poultry, nutraceuticals & probiotics. General description of nature of hormones, receptors and mechanisms of their action. Feedback mechanisms. Metabolic function of different hormones and associated disorders due to hypo or hyper secretions of major endocrine glands viz. pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, pancreas and gonads. Growth factors and their role.
Unit 8
Blood composition and biochemical constituents of erythrocytes, leucocytes and platelets. Important plasma proteins and their functions. Haemoglobin in oxygen and carbon dioxide transport. Role of kidneys in acid base balance. Composition and metabolism of muscle, connective, tissue, cartilage, bone, nervous, tissue, adipose tissue and mammary tissue. Clinical significance of iron, iodine calcium and phosphorus metabolism in domestic animals and poultry. Biochemical tests for hepatic and renal functions. Urine composition and analysis.
Unit 9
Basic principles and use of latest photometric, chromatographic, electrophoretic and radioisotopic methods of biochemical analysis. Chromatography: partition, ion-exchanges, adsorption and affinity, TLC, HPTLC, HPLC, Gel Filtration and GLC. Electrophoresis: PAGE, SDG PAGE, agarose gel electrophoresis and isoelectrofocusing; Blotting techniques; Electroblotting, Northern, Southern and Western blotting; Radiotracer techniques: beta and gamma emitters and their detection, solid and liquid counting, autoradiography and phosphor image analysis, isotope dilution technique; Binding assays: RIA and ELISA; Spectroscopy: UVvisible, fluorescence, ORD, CD, NMR, ESR and Mass; PCR & RT-PCR. Methods of isolation, purification and characterization of proteins, DNA and RNA. Basic principles of RIA, ELISA, PCR, RFLP and DNA fingerprinting NA probes, vectors, microarray, imaging, applications of nanotechnology, proteomics. Determination of enzymes, hormones, vitamins and other biochemical constituents with special reference to disease diagnosis in domestic animals.
Unit 10
Environmental pollution in relation to animal health and production. Biotechnology in pollution control. Biochemical basis of pollutant tolerance, host defence mechanisms including antigenic and non-antigenic interactions. Free radicals, carcinogenesis and role of liver and kidneys in detoxification. Oncogenes and mechanism of immunosuppression in cancer therapy and organ transplantation.
Unit 11
Overview of the immune system, cells and organs of immune system, Innate and adaptive immune system Cells and molecules involved in innate and adaptive immunity, antigens, antigenicity and immunogenicity. B and T cell epitopes, structure and function of antibody molecule, .generation of antibody diversity, monoclonal antibodies, antibody engineering, antigen-antibody interactions, MHC molecules, antigen processing and presentation, activation and differentiation of B and T cells, B and Tcellreceptors, humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, primary and secondary immune modulation,the complement system, Toll-like receptors, cell-mediated effector functions, cytokines, Hypersenstive reaction, autoimmunity and vaccines.
ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
- Biomolecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology
- Cell Biology
- Fundamental Cellular Processes
- Cell Communication and Cell Signalling
- Molecular Biology and Recombinant DNA methods
- Animal Tissue Culture and Hybridoma Technology
- Embryo Transfer and Related Techniques
DAIRY CHEMISTRY
Unit 1
Milk constituents, their normal contents and physical and chemical nature. Specific compositional differences among milk from various species; Variations in milk composition due to breed, feed, season, stage of lactation and mastitis; Colostrum and abnormal milks, physical properties of milk; Acid base equilibria, oxidation-reduction potential, density, viscosity, interfacial tension, freezing point, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, refractive index, milk buffer capacity, physical equilibria among milk salts; Effect of various treatments on salt equilibria; Salt balance and its importance in processing of milk; Water activity, and its effect on shelf life; Properties of Colloids and colloidal stability of milk; Emulsions, foams and gels formation, their stability and importance in dairy processing. Lactose – structure, isomers, physical, chemical and biochemical properties. Browning mechanisms.Estimation and biosynthesis.Lactose intolerance. Significance of carbohydrates in milk and milk products. Distribution of trace elements in milk and their technological and nutritional importance; Water soluble vitamins – molecular structure and their levels in milk and milk products, biological significance, and factors affecting their levels.
Unit 2
Levels, distribution, isolation and genetic polymorphism of different milk proteins; Casein micelles – structure, size distribution, stability and physico-chemical properties; Casein models. Amino acid composition and physico-chemical properties of different fractions of caseins; Whey proteins, denaturation of milk proteins as influenced by temperature, pH and additives; Biosynthesis, structure, function and physico-chemical properties of α-lactalbumin and βlactoglobulin, immunoglobulins, lysozyme, lactoferrins, lipoproteins and fat-globule membrane proteins and their importance; Milk protein allergenicity; Role in immune response; Chemistry of milk enzymes and their significance with reference to milk processing and milk products. Kinetics of chemical reactions and enzyme kinetics; Casein hydrolysate, co-precipitates, and whey protein concentrates; bioactive peptides. Functional properties of milk proteins and their modifications using enzymatic and physical treatments.
Unit 3
Milk lipids – classification, composition, structure and general physical and chemical properties. Auto-oxidation – definition, theories, factors affecting, prevention and measurement. Antioxidants – mechanism of reaction and estimation. Lipolysis.Fatty acids – profile, properties and affecting factors. Unsaponifiable matter. Cholesterol – structure, forms, importance and level in milk. Chemistry of phospholipids and their role in milk and milk products. Fat – soluble vitamins – chemistry, physiological functions, levels in milk, cream, butter and ghee. Biosynthesis of milk fat.CLA biosynthesis and its nutritional and health benefits.
Unit 4
Milk adulteration and detection methods; Estimation methods for antibiotics, pesticides, heavy metals, lactose, lactate, protein, total solid, fat, salt, vitamin C, calcium, phosphorous, iron, citric acid in milk and milk products. Estimation of vitamin A, total phospholipids and free fatty acids in ghee.Estimation of starch in food.Measurement of BOD and COD in dairy waste.
Unit 5
Cream – Size distribution of fat globules, creaming phenomenon, composition and properties of cream and dry cream. Chemistry of neutralization and ripening.Butter.Mechanism of churning during butter preparation.Desi and creamery butter composition, properties, microstructure, grading and defects. Ghee-Compositional differences in ghee prepared by different methods and variations in ghee and butter oil, Analytical constants and factors affecting them.Differences in cow and buffalo ghee.Hydrolytic and oxidative deterioration of ghee, their causes and prevention.Adulteration of ghee and methods of detection. Ghee grading, Antioxidants: natural and synthetic. Physico-chemical characteristics of buttermilk and ghee residue.
Unit 6
Heat stability of milk as affected by various milk constituents and additives.Role of proteinprotein interaction and age gelation of UHT milk.Physical and chemical changes during preparation of concentrated milk and subsequent storage.Compositional differences between condensed and evaporated milk.Dried milk; Structure and physico-chemical properties.Physical properties of instant powder, Infant food.Spoilage of milk powder and its control.Khoa: composition and changes during manufacture. Composition and changes during preparation of chhana and paneer.
Unit 7
Cheese: Composition and varietal differences. Chemistry of rennin action. Influence of acidity, renneting and heat on the process of cheese manufacture. Changes during manufacture and ripening.Role and mechanism of action of stabilizers and emulsifiers, rheological properties and defects of cheese.Milk clotting enzymes from different sources – microbial, animal and plant.Theories and metabolic pathways of fermentation.Dahi, yoghurt and Acidophilus Milk: Composition and specific differences, chemical changes during fermentation, flavour development. Composition of Lassi and buttermilk.Nutritional and therapeutic significance of fermented milk products.
Unit 8
Ice-cream: Composition and physical structure, changes during ageing, freezing, hardening and defects. Role and mechanism of stabilizers and emulsifiers.Kulfi: composition and differences with ice-cream.
Unit 9
Definition of quality, quality control and assurance. Standards, statutory and voluntary organization.Role of international organisations such as ISO, IDF, CAC, AOAC, WTO and national organisations like BIS, FSSAI, AgMark and APEDA in dairy industry, Quality Council of India (QCI), Export Inspection Council (EIC); guidelines for setting up quality control laboratory and chemical safety aspects; sampling of milk and milk product; food labeling guidelines. FSSAI, AGMARK and BIS standard for milk and milk products Agrochemicals/veterinary drug residues; occurrence of pesticide residues, antibiotic residues, heavy metals etc in dairy products, Laboratory auditing, Food traceability systems, Food recall and withdrawal.
Unit 10
Spectroscopy – UV – Vis spectrophotometry, IR. Separation techniques : TLC, GLC, HPLC, Ion exchange, size exclusion, affinity chromatography, ultracentrifugation. Ultrafiltration. Precipitation by salting out agents. Electrophoresis – PAGE, SDS-PAGE, Immuno based analytical techniques such as ELISA & Lateral flow assay. Flame photometry, AAS and potentiometry (principle, various electrodes, electrometric measurements of pH, buffers)
FOOD TECHNOLOGY
- Introductory Food Technology
- Technology of Foods of Plant Origin
- Technology of Foods of Animal Origin
- Food Quality Management
- Food Engineering/Packaging and Labeling
- Food Microbiology & Biotechnology
- Flavour Chemistry Technology
- Consumer Sciences/Food Product Development/Health Foods
DAIRY MICROBIOLOGY
- Scope and History of Microbiology
- Microbial Genetics
- Microbiological Quality of milk
- Microbiology of Processed Foods
- Starter Cultures and Probiotics
- Quality Assurance
- Fermentation Technology
FOOD SAFETY & QUALITY ASSURANCE
- Basic Concepts of Food Safety and Quality Assurance
- Concept of Risk Analysis
- General Principles of Food Law
- Food Microbiology
- Chemistry of Milk and Milk Products
- Research Techniques
DAIRY TECHNOLOGY
- Technology of Milk and Milk Products
- Advances in Dairy Food Packaging
- Advances in Dairy Processing
- Membrane Processing
- Rheology of Dairy Foods
- Functional Foods and New Product Development
- Biotechnology for Dairy Applications
- Technology of Food Emulsions, Foams and Gels
- Legal and Quality Aspects for Milk and Milk Products
DAIRY ENGINEERING
- Dairy and Food Engineering-I
- Evaporation and Drying
- Dairy and Food Engineering-II
- Thermal Engineering
- Process Equipment Design
- Refrigeration Engineering
- Instrumentation and Process Control
FARM MACHINERY AND POWER ENGINEERING
- Design of Tillage and Planting Machinery
- Design of Plant Protection and Harvesting Equipments
- Testing and Evaluation of Agricultural Machinery
- Tractor Design Principles
- Ergonomics and Safety in Farm operations
- Soil Dynamics in Tillage and Traction
- Manufacturing Technology
- Instrumentation and Measurement Technique
- Energy in Agriculture
SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION ENGINEERING/SOIL AND WATER ENGINEERING
- Groundwater Development, Wells and Pumps
- Open Channel Hydraulics
- Soil, Plant, Water and Atmosphere Relationship
- Watershed Hydrology
- Soil and Water Conservation
- Watershed Management
- Irrigation Water Management
- Management of Degraded, Waterlogged and Other Problematic Soils and Water
- Protected Cultivation
AGRICULTURAL PROCESSING AND FOOD ENGINEERING
- Engineering Properties and Quality of Biomaterials
- Heat and Mass Transfer
- Post Harvest Unit Operations
- Process Technology and Machinery
- Design of Processing Machinery
- Material Handling, Packaging and Transport
- Storage Engineering
- Process Plant Design
- Instrumentation and Process Control
- Agri-Project Planning and Management
RENEWABLE ENERGY ENGINEERING
- Biochemical Conversion Technology
- Thermo chemical conversion Technology
- Liquid Biofuels
- Solar Energy Engineering
- Wind Energy Engineering
- Biochemical and Process Engineering
- Power Generation and Energy Storage
- Energy Auditing and Management
- Modeling and Project Management in Energy
IRRIGATION WATER MANAGEMENT ENGINEERING / IRRIGATION & DRAINAGE ENGINEERING
- Soil-Water-Plant Relationship
- Fluid Mechanics and Open Channel Hydraulics
- Groundwater Development, Wells and Pumps
- Irrigation Systems
- Protected Cultivation & Landscaping
- Drainage Systems
- Hydrology of Agricultural Lands, Farm ponds and Percolation ponds
- Precision Agriculture
FAMILY RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
- Family Resource Management
- Art Principles and Interior Enrichment
- Housing and Space Designing
- Household Energy and Equipments
- Family Finance and Consumer Education
- Entrepreneurship Management
- Markets and Marketing
- Ergonomics
TEXTILES AND APPAREL DESIGNING
- Clothing Construction and Pattern Making
- Fibre Science
- Dyeing and Printing
- Textile and Apparel Quality Analysis
- Woven and Knitted Structures
- Textile and Apparel Industry
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND FAMILY STUDIES/HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
- Lifespan Development
- Theories of Human Development
- Early Childhood Education
- Children with Developmental Challenges
- Assessment, Guidance and Counselling
- Family Ecology
- Parenting and Community Education
FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION/HUMAN NUTRITION
- Food and Food Groups
- Food Preservation and Packaging
- Cooking methods and Food Processing
- Food Safety
- Macro and Micro Nutrients in Human Nutrition
- Community Nutrition
- Nutrition during Life Cycle
- Clinical Therapeutic Nutrition
- Institutional Food service management
- Food Analysis
EXTENSION EDUCATION AND COMMUNITY MANAGEMENT
- Home Science extension education
FISHERIES RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
- Fisheries Resources
- Fish Biology and Stock Assessment
- Fisheries Management and Responsible Fisheries
- Fisheries Livelihood
FISH PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY/FISH POST-HARVEST TECHNOLOGY
- Fish Biochemistry
- Low and High Temperature Preservation
- Fish Curing, Value Addition and by Products
- Microbiological and Quality Aspects of Fish and Fishery Products
FISHERIES ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
- Fishing Technology
- Fishing Harbour and Fleet Management
- Aquaculture engineering
- Refrigeration, Electrical & Equipment Engineering
AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT
- Fundamentals of Environmental Sciences
- Aquatic Ecosystem, Biodiversity and Marine Ecology
- Chemical Interaction in the Aquatic Environment and Analytical Techniques
- Aquatic Pollution and Microbiology
- Fisheries Oceanography
AQUACULTURE
- Status and Scope of Aquaculture
- Design, Construction and Operational Management of Aqua-Farms
- Broodstock Management and Seed Producton
- Aquaculture Systems
FISH HEALTH MANAGEMENT/AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH MANAGEMENT
- Introduction to Fish Health and Pathology
- Diseases of Fish & Shellfish
- Disease Diagnosis
- Defence System
- Disease Prevention and Control
FISH NUTRITION AND FEED TECHNOLOGY
- Principle of Fish Nutrition
- Feed Formulation, Feed Technology and Feeding Management
- Nutritional Physiology and Nutrigenomics
- Nutrition and Fish Health
FISH GENETICS AND BREEDING
- Principles of Fish Genetics and Breeding
- Population, Quantitative and Conservation Genetics
- Selective Breeding of Aquaculture Species
- Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics
FISH BIOTECHNOLOGY
- Cellular and Molecular Biology
- Recombinant DNA Technology
- Biochemical and Molecular Markers
- Aquaculture and Marine Biotechnology
FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
- Introduction to Fish Physiology
- Reproductive Physiology and Endocrinology
- Fish Biochemistry
- Metabolism of Biomolecules
FORESTRY/AGROFORESTRY
- Forests and Forest Policy
- Silviculture
- Forest Biology and Tree improvement
- Forest Mensuration
- Social forestry and Agroforestry
- Agroforestry management
- Wood Science and Forest Products
- Forest Degradation and Protection
- Forest Management and Forest Economics
- Wildlife
- Forest Genetic Resources and Ecotourism
- Climate change and mitigation
- Statistics
AGRICULTURAL METEOROLOGY
- General Meteorology
- General Climatology
- Agricultural Climatology
- Micrometeorology
- Evapotranspiration
- Crop Weather Modeling
- Weather Forecasting for Agriculture
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Unit 1
Definition and scope of environmentalscience and its interrelationship with other sciences and agriculture; Segmentsatmosphere: hydrosphere, Lithosphere and biosphere; Components of environment – biotic, abiotic and social; Ecological Foot prints.Natural resources: land, soil, water and forest and; present status – Land degradation – Wasteland: their extent, characteristics and reclamation; water conservation : watershed management and rain water harvesting – Major river projects and its impacts; Mineral resources – Environmental effects of mining; Food resources – problems; Ecology concepts – types – habitat ecology, systems ecology, synecology, autecology; Ecosystem: Structure- Functions; Population -characteristics and measurement; Communities – habitats, niches, biomes, population dynamics, species and individual in the ecosystem; Recent trends in ecology; Characteristic features – structure and function of forest, grassland, plantation, desert; Aquatic and agro-ecosystem. Energy flow in ecosystems and environment; Energy exchange and productivity-food chains and food webs-ecological pyramids; Ecological succession – types and causes. Biogeochemical cycles; nutrient cycles and recycle pathways.
Unit 2
Biodiversity concepts, levels and types, Values and Significance of biodiversity; Theories on biodiversity; Agro-biodiversity – Transgenic crops and animals – Impact on Environment. Plant genetic resources, exploration and collection; Biogeographical zones of India;Biodiversity hot spots in India and world; Loss of biodiversity – Causes – Crop domestication, plant introductions – exotics and invasive plants – IUCN clauses and concept of threatened and endangered species; – Methods of conservation – in-situ and ex-situ-national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves; National and global conservation measures – institutions and conventions – Indian Biodiversity Act 2002; World heritage sites; Wetlands – Mangroves – Ramsarconvention.
Unit 3
Environmental Pollution – Point and non-point sources – Atmosphere – stratification – Composition of air-; Air pollution: sources and classification – Criteria pollutants – Indoor and out-door air pollution,; Types – primary and secondary pollutants – Thermal Inversion – Air pollution Episodes -Air Quality standards –Greenhouse gases – Global warming – Ozone depletion – Acid rain – Impacts on Environment – Effects of air pollutants on vegetation, animals and human health; mitigation measures for combating air pollution; Automobile pollution, Noise pollution-sourceand effects, Disasters and their management: floods, droughts, earthquakes; Tsunami, cyclones and landslides; Adaptation and mitigation strategies of climate change – Carbon sequestration and clean development mechanism. National and international laws and policies on air pollution. Environmental treaties; Role of NGO’s in environmental protection; Corporate Social. Responsibility (CSR) of industries in environmental protection; Advance tools for ecosystem analysis – Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). EIA and Environmental Auditing.
Unit 4
Urban and Industrial wastewater – Pollution ofponds, lakes, rivers and ground water. Impacts of water pollutants on Environment- Effluent Treatment Processes –Energy production recycling of treated wastewaterand value addition to wastes -Permissible limits. Soil pollution – sources – Organic and inorganic contaminants, Xenobiotics and their effect on agriculture: Heavy metals and pesticides -Effects of pollutants on soil health and productivity; Radioactive pollutants – Impacts; Remediation of contaminated soil – Microbial, chemical ameliorants, phytoremediation and Nano remediation; Permissible limits of organic and inorganic pollutants.
Unit 5
Solid waste – sources – Categories – hazardous and non-hazardous – impact on Environment – Management strategies – 5 R concepts – Thermal conversions – Pyrolysis – Gasification – Incineration;Biodegradation of organic wastes – Composting, Vermicomposting, Mushroom production,SCP; Energy recovery- biogas, landfill, etc. E- waste – impacts and resource recovery; Solid waste management rules in India.
Unit 6
Energy – Types -of renewable sources of energy; Solar energy: Energy transfer and applicationsSolar thermal system and their applications Wind energy –Types Geothermal and tidal energy; Bioenergy from biomass Liquid fuels from petro crops,- Concepts of producer gas; types of gasifiers; Briquetting of agro-wastes for fuel; Potential of renewable energy sources in India, Integrated rural energy programme; Nuclear energy–
Unit 7
Frequency distribution, mean, median, mode and standard deviation; Normal, binomial and poisson distribution; Correlations – partial and multiple; Regression coefficients and multiple regression. Tests of significance F and Chisquare (X2) tests; Experimental designs – basic principles, completely randomized, randomized block, Latin square and split plot designs.
AGRICULTURAL PHYSICS
- Basic Physics
- Soil Physics
- Radiation Physics
- Plant Biophysics and Nano Technology
- Remote sensing
- Geoinformatics
- Atmospheric physics
- Mathematical Modelling of soil-plant-atmosphere system
- AGRONOMY
- Crop Ecology and Geography
- Weed Management
- Soil Fertility and Fertilizer Use
- Dryland Agronomy
- Crop Production
- Agricultural Statistics
- Sustainable Land Use Systems
- Soil-Plant-Water Relationship
- Irrigation Water Management
- Management of Problematic Soils and Crop Production
- Cropping and Farming Systems and Organic Farming
SOIL SCIENCE/SOIL SCIENCE & AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY
- Pedology
- Soil Physics
- Soil Chemistry
- Soil Fertility
- Soil Microbiology
- Statistics
AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS
- General Chemistry
- Chromatography and Spectroscopic Techniques
- Chemistry of Natural Products
- Naturally Occurring Insecticides
- Synthetic Insecticides, Fungicides, Nematicides and Rodenticides
- Herbicides and Plant Growth Regulators
- Agrochemical Formulations
- Pesticide Residues and their Dynamics in the Environment
- Agrochemicals – Regulation and Quality Control
- Natural Resource Management
- Environment Pollution: Implications and Remediation
- Data Analysis
WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
- General Concepts of Water Resources Management
- Soil Water Plant and Atmosphere Relationships
- Crop Water Requirement
- Soil and Water Conservation
- Hydrology and Watershed Management
- Irrigation Water Management & Drainage
- Management and Remediation of Poor quality Soil and Water
- Basics of pressurized irrigation system
- Rainfed Agriculture
- Ground Water Management, Wells and Pumps
AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS
- Economic Theory
- Economic and Agricultural Development
- Public Finance and International Economics
- Farm Management Economics
- Agricultural Production Economics
- Agricultural Finance and Co-operation
- Agricultural Marketing
- Agricultural Project Analysis
- Research Methodology and Econometrics
AGRIBUSINESS MANAGEMENT
- Basics of management &Organizational Behavior
- Human Resource Management
- Financial Management & Managerial Accounting
- Marketing Management and International Marketing of Agri-products
- Operations management
- Managerial economics
- Research methods
- Operations research
- Agribusiness Environment and Policy
- Strategic Management
- Project Management and Entrepreneurship Development
AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION/EXTENSION EDUCATION/COMMUNICATION
- Fundamentals of Extension Education and Programme Planning
- Extension Methods & Farm Journalism
- Information & Communication Technologies and Development Communication
- Training and Human Resource Development
- Research Methodology in Extension Education
- Diffusion and Adoption of Innovations
- Management in Extension
- Entrepreneurship Development
- Market – Led Extension
- Gender Sensitization and Empowerment
AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS
- Statistical Methods I
- Statistical Methods II
- Statistical Genetics
- Design of Experiments
- Sample Surveys
BIOINFORMATICS
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
- Preliminaries of Bioinformatics
- Genome assembly
- Evolutionary Biology
- Statistical Genomics
- Protein Structure Prediction
- Biological Database Management System
- Bio-programming and Computational Biology
COMPUTER APPLICATION & IT
- Computer organization and architecture
- Programming language (C++/JAVA)
- Internet programming
- Data structures
- Software engineering
- Networking
- Compilers and translators
- Operating system
- Data base management system
- Numerical analysis
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ICAR UG Syllabus 2022 PDF Download
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The Exam Date for ICAR AIEEA 2022 is 13, 14. 15 & 20 September 2022
The ICAR AIEEA Exam is an All India Entrance Examination Conducted by the NTA Board to provide admission for Candidates in UG PG Degree Programme in accredited Agricultural Universities.
The Exam Timing for ICAR AIEEA 2022 is 2 Hours to 2:30 Hours