Events
- 1249 – Coronation of Alexander III as King of Scots.
- 1814 – The Carabinieri, the national gendarmerie of Italy, is established.
- 1919 – The British airship R34 lands in Norfolk, England, completing the first airship return journey across the Atlantic in 182 hours of flight.
- 1956 – The Dartmouth workshop is the first conference on artificial intelligence.
- 1973 – Alexander Butterfield reveals the existence of the “Nixon tapes” to the special Senate committee investigating the Watergate break-in.
- 2011 – United Nations Security Council Resolution 1999 is adopted, which admits South Sudan to member status of United Nations.
- 2016 – Prime Minister of the United Kingdom David Cameron resigns, and is succeeded by Theresa May.
Births
- 100 BC – Julius Caesar, Roman general and statesman (d. 44 BC)
- 1527 – John Dee, English-Welsh mathematician, astronomer, and astrologer (d. 1609)
- 1579 – Arthur Dee, English physician and chemist (d. 1651)
- 1745 – Robert Calder, Scottish-English admiral (d. 1818)
- 1900 – George Lewis, American clarinet player and songwriter (d. 1969)
- 1941 – Robert Forster, American actor and producer
- 1950 – George Nelson, American astronomer and astronaut
Deaths
- 1399 – Peter Parler, German architect, designed St. Vitus Cathedral and Charles Bridge (b. 1330)
- 1491 – Afonso, Portuguese prince (b. 1475)
- 1621 – Albert VII, archduke of Austria (b. 1559)
- 1762 – James Bradley, English priest and astronomer (b. 1693)
- 1889 – Robert Hamerling, Austrian author, poet, and playwright (b. 1830)
- 2015 – Philipp Mißfelder, German historian and politician (b. 1979)
- 2017 – Liu Xiaobo, Chinese literary critic, human rights activist (b. 1955)
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